The former player: 'I hoped to carry on playing'
Important note: This piece contains details of discriminatory language and behaviour
FormerEngland player Luther Burrell states that speaking out to expose racism in rugby union brought his career to an premature end.
In a 2022 interview, Burrell characterized racism as being "rife" in the sport, displaying digital communications and remembering training ground "jokes" he had been exposed to while representing Newcastle.
At that time 34 and without a team, Burrell's only elite playing since has been three appearances with invitational side the Barbarians.
"I have definitely had to end my career because of what happened," he told media outlets.
"I really hoped to carry on competing, naturally I did. I sought that, and it fell through when news emerged that there were inquiries going on.
"That was difficult - I had to just come to terms with the outcome and accept that this whole situation is a lot more important than me."
A rugby governing body report in April 2023 found Burrell's allegations were accurate "likely correct", but stated it could not gather enough proof to categorically say they happened at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell started all of England's international games in 2014 and 2015, but was controversially excluded for their squad for the 2015 tournament
Burrell told journalists he also faced prejudice within the England team environment, during a international career that saw him earn 15 caps after his first game in 2014.
"I have had several traumatic experiences within the national team," he stated.
"Some discrimination and other just outdated thinking that's really inappropriate."
Racism had become accepted in team environments, in Burrell's experience.
"This is something that has been disguised as humour and that's been the problem that I've personally suffered and seen," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican descent.
"Over a extended period you just learn to believe that it's the standard and that is acceptable and that it's not malicious, but that's nonsense."
Burrell explains he was eventually spurred to speak out after a team-mate at Newcastle called him as a "enslaved person" and instructed him to put sun cream on his wrists and ankles "where chains would be placed."
The rugby authority said Burrell's disclosures had led to "increased scrutiny at the environment within the elite game and to the implementation of an strategy for the professional game."
"We has given significant attention on inclusion and inclusion in the sport and a great deal of work completed both prior and after Luther Burrell spoke publicly and revealed his encounters of racism and classism," it added.
"The organization are continuing work with clubs and partners in the elite level to work for a culture of acceptance but recognize this takes time and is an continuous effort."
All Premiership and women's rugby club now has in-person training on creating welcoming environments, with its success tracked via individual reports and surveys.
All England athletes, including youth squads, are trained in being "active bystanders" to step in and protect others from harmful conduct.
"You be so pleased of what you have done," Burrell's mother Joyce said to him as part of the film about his experiences.
"I know it has had this effect on you and finished your playing days, but in our view, you have done so much. We are so impressed of you and to have you as a family member."
Burrell's father Geoff passed away shortly after the production of the documentary, and his sibling died recently.
Burrell, who grew up on a social housing in Huddersfield, maintains his work to make the game more open.
His 12 Foundation works to reach young people in disadvantaged communities and help them thrive both on the field with complimentary sports training, mentoring and nutrition education.
"My intentions are genuine, I want to see the progress of the game and if others is willing to share their story then I'll persist to fight that cause because I'm not just pursuing this for my own benefit," he said.
"Everyone involved have an obligation to make the game as great as it can be and the longer I talk about it hopefully the more comfortable fellow players will become about sharing their own experiences as well.
"I need to grab the challenge by the opportunity and continue bearing this flag and keep supporting this responsibility and do what I can to create possibilities and make the sport more appealing and more inclusive.
"There's a lot of underprivileged young people and a lot of poverty and I sincerely believe that rugby has the ability to transform their futures, just as it transformed things for me."
Burrell scored for the Barbarians on a comeback to former club Northampton in late 2022